The Mongolians has a population of around 5.81 million, mostly living in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in North China, and the rest residing in provinces of Jilin, Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Xinjiang, Hebei, and Qinghai and so on. The Mongolians is known as a nationality on the horseback, and animal husbandry is their leading industry. They boast good horsemanship, and like archery and wresting.

Mandarin Chinese is used, while they have their own spoken and written language, which belongs to the Mongolian branch of the Altaic language system. Current written script was created in the early 13th century, and after revision and development over the centuries, it came into the form used today.